​Extraction of Rare Earth Elements (REE) from Sub-economic Ores and Process Tailings​

The Challenge

The current processing route for REEs requires a high-grade concentrate for the process to be economical. The growing demand for REEs necessitates their production from low-grade ores and secondary sources using viable technologies. A two-stage organic acid leaching for extracting REEs has been developed for REE flotation concentrate (Lazo et al., 2017 & Lazo et al., 2018). My research intends to adapt the developed flowsheet to cater for potential feeds such as low-grade monazite ores, flotation tailings, and acid-crack leach residue (an industrial by-product). This process is less harmful in comparison to the conventional one, thereby making this an environmentally friendly option. Extracting REEs from secondary sources diversifies the sources of these critical elements. Processing tailings and industrial by-products contribute to a circular economy and aid in a green future. This would enhance supply chain resilience and reduce the risk of supply disruption due to geopolitical factors.

Proposed Solution

Developing an environmentally friendly method for extracting REES from low-grade REE ores and process tailings using green solvents. This will unlock low-grade Western Australian REE reserves increasing global supply of these critical elements and creating value for Western Australia.

Proposed Benefits to WA

REEs are critical and strategic elements used in everyday life. Demand for REEs is forecast to exceed supply by 2030. With substantial low-grade REE deposits in Western Australia, the proposed technology will deliver economic benefits by providing increased job opportunities and generating substantial export revenue. This research uses principles of green chemistry (using organic acids and deep eutectic solvents as leaching reagents) and circular economy (reusing and recycling industrial wastes) for extracting REEs. This minimises the environmental impact and aligns with Western Australia’s commitment to sustainable mining practices. The extraction of REEs from low-grade ores and secondary sources increases the supply of these materials. This will increase Western Australia’s competitiveness and capacity to continue as a major REE supplier to global markets in the future.

Project Duration

3.5 years, commencing February 2024.